WASHINGTON—President Trump plans to sign an executive order on Monday escalating his battle against Democratic-led states and cities that don’t fully cooperate with federal immigration authorities, a key barrier to the mass deportations he has promised.

The order, she said, will direct the Attorney General and Secretary of Homeland Security to publish a list of state and local jurisdictions that “obstruct the enforcement of federal immigration laws.”

President Donald Trump will sign executive orders the White House says will help law enforcement implement his sweeping deportation agenda by cracking down on places that restrict cooperation with immigration enforcement.